Drip irrigation pipe is a sprinkler tape
With the maturity of technology, more and more tools are used for irrigation, among which micro-spray tape and drip irrigation tape are the most commonly used irrigation devices. The main differences are:
First, the outlet of the micro-spray tape is in the form of a pinhole, generally with three oblique holes, five oblique holes, and seven oblique holes. The water output of the micro-spray tape is not fixed according to the pressure, and the water output is large. The water of the micro-spray tape is sprayed to the high places on both sides, and the water outlet is not easy to be blocked. The drip irrigation tape is in the form of a dripper with an inner patch. There is a labyrinth flow channel on the dripper to adjust the water flow. The dripper power of the drip irrigation tape is generally 2-3.0L/hour.
Secondly, the price of the micro-spray tape is relatively low: generally between 0.20-0.40 yuan. The price of the drip irrigation pipe is slightly higher, generally between 0.5-0.9 yuan. If it is used for a long time, it is recommended to use a drip irrigation pipe, which has a lifespan of 5-7 years. The life of drip irrigation tape is generally 1-2 years. Finally, the difference between micro-spray tape and drip irrigation tape is that they are both flat strips. And the wall thickness of the commonly used specifications is 0.2mm. However, there is no dripper inside the micro-spray tape, while the drip irrigation tape has a protruding part on the outside, which is a dripper with an internal patch.
Regardless of the price, all drip irrigation pipes have the same performance
Drip irrigation pipes look the same in appearance, but in fact, the internal structure is very different.
First, the design and manufacturing process of the dripper directly affects the water output of the dripper. Most of the products on the market with a flow rate of 2L/H actually output more than 3L/H. A set of drip irrigation system consists of thousands of drippers. A small flow deviation will have a huge impact on the operation of the entire system and will also affect the growth of crops.
Secondly, the drip irrigation tape has parameters such as tensile strength and explosion resistance. Some drip irrigation tapes on the market that use a large amount of recycled raw materials do not meet the tensile strength and explosion resistance standards. They are easily damaged in actual use, affecting the stability of the system. The size of the manufacturing deviation reflects the manufacturing accuracy of the manufacturer. The smaller the manufacturing deviation, the better the uniformity of a single dripper.
Finally, drippers can be divided into pressure-compensated and non-pressure-compensated types. The pressure-compensated dripper has a flow channel adjustment diaphragm installed inside. When the pressure is high, the flow section is reduced to reduce the water output; when the pressure is high, the flow section is expanded to increase the water output. The pressure-compensated dripper has uniform water output, which can extend the laying length of the drip irrigation pipe, improve the uniformity of drip irrigation, and better meet the water and fertilizer requirements of plants.
There is no diaphragm in the flow channel of the non-pressure-compensated dripper. The water output changes with the pressure change at the dripper, and the irrigation uniformity is low.
If the laying is short and the dripper pressure does not change much, you can consider using a non-pressure-compensated dripper to save investment. In mountainous areas, the pressure changes greatly, and it is recommended to use a pressure-compensated drip irrigation pipe.
If the drip irrigation is too little and does not penetrate the crops, the crops will die of water shortage and thirst.
The reason for the lack of water and thirst of crops is that they cannot absorb enough water from the soil or substrate. The main part of the crop that absorbs water is the effective root zone, so as long as the water is poured into the effective root zone, the crop can effectively absorb it.
Compared with flooding and furrow irrigation, drip irrigation does use very little water in a single irrigation, and the surface does not look so wet. However, the key to using drip irrigation is to use a small amount of water multiple times to always give the crop roots the best amount of water; at the same time, drip irrigation only irrigates the crop root area, and the water utilization rate is as high as about 90%. When drip irrigation is used correctly, the least amount of water can be used to make the crops grow best.
The denser the spacing between the drippers, the better, so that the flow rate is uniform and the irrigation volume is sufficient.
In order to cater to the mentality of farmers who want "fast water output and no loss", drip irrigation tape manufacturers violate national quality standards and produce a large number of so-called "market-recognized" substandard products with super-large dripper flow (greater than 3.0L/h) and small dripper spacing (20cm dripper spacing) to cater to users who "do not understand science and are unwilling to suffer losses". It seriously interferes with the orderliness, rationality and fairness of scientific irrigation, and ultimately causes widespread harm to the majority of users. Using too large a dripper flow and too small a dripper spacing means that the original branch pipe only needs to pass about 50m³/h of water flow to make the drip irrigation tape reach the standard operating pressure. Now the system has to increase the head operating pressure to 2, 3 or even higher than the original to achieve sufficient water flow to ensure the proper drip irrigation tape operating pressure. This situation is similar to a small door that can only pass 3 people per second. Without changing the size of the door frame, if 6 or 10 people are forced to pass through it per second, congestion, trampling and other accidents will occur. At the same time, it cannot be guaranteed that the number of people passing through meets the standard. In actual production, because the power of the water pump motor is constant, the diameter of the branch pipe cannot be increased at any time. Therefore, increasing the dripper flow and reducing the dripper spacing will increase the branch pipe water flow several times, resulting in a significant drop in the system operating pressure, causing serious uneven field irrigation.
Drip irrigation pipes are prone to clogging, and the entire system will be scrapped in a short time.
Each dripping hole of the drip irrigation pipe has a dripper, which has a filter window and a turbulent flow channel. The flow channel is the key to the anti-clogging of the dripper. The efficient flow channel can generate strong turbulence to flush the dirt out of the dripper. In addition, the selection and quality of the upstream filtration system, the design and maintenance of the system are also crucial. Maintaining normal working pressure and regular end flushing can effectively avoid the blockage of the dripper and ensure the normal operation of the system.
Drip irrigation technology cannot be applied to slopes.
The complex terrain conditions of the slopes increase the difficulty of irrigation, but these difficult conditions can be overcome through professional design teams and installation technicians. The challenge that slopes bring to drip irrigation systems is that the pressure differences at different locations in the system are too large, which can be improved in two ways:
First, adopt a reasonable irrigation design to divide a large system into different irrigation areas, so that the working pressure of each area is within the pressure range of the pipeline to avoid excessive or low pressure;
Second, use pressure compensation drip irrigation technology, which can ensure that the drippers at each position of the drip irrigation pipe can output the same flow rate within a certain slope/pressure range.
The advantage of using drip irrigation is water saving, and there is no other added value
When people think of drip irrigation, the first thing they think of is watering and water saving. In fact, drip irrigation has many advantages in actual use, such as:
1. Water saving. During the crop growth period, it saves 40-50% of water compared to conventional ground irrigation.
2. Fertilizer saving. Special fertilizers that are soluble in water are applied to the root system of crops with water and are easily absorbed by crops, which improves the utilization rate. On average, fertilizer can be saved by 20%, and some can reach more than 40%, and the negative effects of fertilizers on soil and the environment can be reduced.
3. Pesticide saving. The same principle as above, it can save more than 10% of pesticide usage, and the insecticide effect is good, and it is not easy to hurt the natural enemies of pests.
4. Save land. Since the channels in the field are eliminated, 5-7% of arable land can be saved
5. Save labor and machine power. Drip irrigation technology controls irrigation through gate valves, which doubles the management quota per person. At the same time, sub-film drip irrigation keeps the soil loose and basically does not grow weeds, greatly reducing the number of inter-cultivation and reducing agricultural machinery operations. Drip irrigation can also increase the management quota, so that the original management quota per person of about 30 mu can be increased to 60 mu-80 mu or more;
6. Strong salt and alkali resistance. The drip irrigation infiltration area pushes soil salt outward, improving the crop growth environment.
7. Make crops have strong disaster resistance. Due to the implementation of scientific irrigation, fertilization, and pesticide application, the crops grow in good condition. When encountering disaster weather, the crops have strong resistance and the reduction in production is small.
8. Increase production. It can increase production by 10-20%, and low-yield fields can increase production by more than 25%.
9. Improved product quality. Good growing conditions improve the overall quality of the product.
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